2016-07-22
注意，建立証書/憑證時，Client與Server的Common Name必須與CA証書的Common Name不同才行，否則會失敗。
參考
MariaDB - Secure Connections
https://mariadb.com/kb/en/mariadb/secure-connections/
MySQL 5.7 Reference Manual / 7.4.6.2 Creating SSL Certificates and Keys Using openssl
憑證請求Certificate request
|
憑證Certificate (Public Key)
|
私鑰 (Private Key)
| |
CA
|
--
|
ca.pem
|
ca-key.pem
|
Server
|
server-req.pem
|
server-cert.pem
|
server-key.pem
|
Client
|
client-req.pem
|
client-cert.pem
|
client-key.pem
|
安裝 MySQL Server, OpenSSL
[root@localhost ~]# yum -y install mysql-server mysql openssl
[root@localhost ~]# service mysqld restart
[root@localhost ~]# chkconfig mysqld on
如果想變更 root 密碼，可用下面方法
/usr/bin/mysqladmin -u root password 'new-password'
/usr/bin/mysqladmin -u root -h localhost.localdomain password 'new-password'
[root@localhost ~]# yum list | grep openssl
openssl.x86_64 1.0.1e-48.el6_8.1 @updates
krb5-pkinit-openssl.x86_64 1.10.3-57.el6 base
openssl.i686 1.0.1e-48.el6_8.1 updates
openssl-devel.i686 1.0.1e-48.el6_8.1 updates
openssl-devel.x86_64 1.0.1e-48.el6_8.1 updates
openssl-perl.x86_64 1.0.1e-48.el6_8.1 updates
openssl-static.x86_64 1.0.1e-48.el6_8.1 updates
openssl098e.i686 0.9.8e-20.el6.centos.1 base
openssl098e.x86_64 0.9.8e-20.el6.centos.1 base
xmlsec1-openssl.i686 1.2.20-4.el6 base
xmlsec1-openssl.x86_64 1.2.20-4.el6 base
xmlsec1-openssl-devel.i686 1.2.20-4.el6 base
xmlsec1-openssl-devel.x86_64 1.2.20-4.el6 base
[root@localhost ~]#
使用的是 OpenSSL 1.0.1e 版
[root@localhost ~]# ldd /usr/libexec/mysqld | grep ssl
libssl.so.10 => /usr/lib64/libssl.so.10 (0x00007f08f2522000)
krb5-pkinit-openssl.x86_64 1.10.3-57.el6 base
openssl.i686 1.0.1e-48.el6_8.1 updates
openssl-devel.i686 1.0.1e-48.el6_8.1 updates
openssl-devel.x86_64 1.0.1e-48.el6_8.1 updates
openssl-perl.x86_64 1.0.1e-48.el6_8.1 updates
openssl-static.x86_64 1.0.1e-48.el6_8.1 updates
openssl098e.i686 0.9.8e-20.el6.centos.1 base
openssl098e.x86_64 0.9.8e-20.el6.centos.1 base
xmlsec1-openssl.i686 1.2.20-4.el6 base
xmlsec1-openssl.x86_64 1.2.20-4.el6 base
xmlsec1-openssl-devel.i686 1.2.20-4.el6 base
xmlsec1-openssl-devel.x86_64 1.2.20-4.el6 base
[root@localhost ~]#
先確認 支援 SSL (應該看到類似下面訊息)
[root@localhost ~]# ldd /usr/libexec/mysqld | grep ssl
libssl.so.10 => /usr/lib64/libssl.so.10 (0x00007f08f2522000)
[root@localhost ~]#
(一) CA 憑證
建立私鑰 ca-key.pem
[root@localhost ~]# openssl genrsa 2048 > ca-key.pem
Generating RSA private key, 2048 bit long modulus
.........+++
..............................................................................................+++
e is 65537 (0x10001)
建立憑證 ca.pem
[root@localhost ~]# openssl genrsa 2048 > ca-key.pem
Generating RSA private key, 2048 bit long modulus
.........+++
..............................................................................................+++
e is 65537 (0x10001)
建立憑證 ca.pem
[root@localhost ~]# openssl req -new -x509 -nodes -days 3600 -key ca-key.pem -out ca.pem
You are about to be asked to enter information that will be incorporated
into your certificate request.
What you are about to enter is what is called a Distinguished Name or a DN.
There are quite a few fields but you can leave some blank
For some fields there will be a default value,
If you enter '.', the field will be left blank.
-----
Country Name (2 letter code) [XX]:
State or Province Name (full name) []:
Locality Name (eg, city) [Default City]:
Organization Name (eg, company) [Default Company Ltd]:
Organizational Unit Name (eg, section) []:
Common Name (eg, your name or your server's hostname) []:a
Email Address []:
[root@localhost ~]#
(二) Server 憑證
注意，建立証書時，Client與Server的Common Name必須與CA証書的Common Name不同才行，否則會失敗。
建立私鑰 (server-key.pem) 及申請 (server-req.pem)
問題全部按下 Enter
[root@localhost ~]# openssl req -newkey rsa:2048 -days 3600 -nodes -keyout server-key.pem -out server-req.pem
Generating a 2048 bit RSA private key
......+++
.+++
writing new private key to 'server-key.pem'
-----
You are about to be asked to enter information that will be incorporated
into your certificate request.
What you are about to enter is what is called a Distinguished Name or a DN.
There are quite a few fields but you can leave some blank
For some fields there will be a default value,
If you enter '.', the field will be left blank.
-----
Country Name (2 letter code) [XX]:
State or Province Name (full name) []:
Locality Name (eg, city) [Default City]:
Organization Name (eg, company) [Default Company Ltd]:
Organizational Unit Name (eg, section) []:
Common Name (eg, your name or your server's hostname) []:b
Email Address []:
Please enter the following 'extra' attributes
to be sent with your certificate request
A challenge password []:
An optional company name []:
[root@localhost ~]#
建立公鑰 server-key.pem
[root@localhost ~]# openssl rsa -in server-key.pem -out server-key.pem
writing RSA key
建立憑證 server-cert.pem
[root@localhost ~]# openssl x509 -req -in server-req.pem -days 3600 -CA ca.pem -CAkey ca-key.pem -set_serial 01 -out server-cert.pem
Signature ok
subject=/C=XX/L=Default City/O=Default Company Ltd
Getting CA Private Key
[root@localhost ~]#
(三) Client 憑證
建立私鑰及申請
[root@localhost ~]# openssl req -newkey rsa:2048 -days 3600 -nodes -keyout client-key.pem -out client-req.pem
Generating a 2048 bit RSA private key
....................................+++
....................+++
writing new private key to 'client-key.pem'
-----
You are about to be asked to enter information that will be incorporated
into your certificate request.
What you are about to enter is what is called a Distinguished Name or a DN.
There are quite a few fields but you can leave some blank
For some fields there will be a default value,
If you enter '.', the field will be left blank.
-----
Country Name (2 letter code) [XX]:
State or Province Name (full name) []:
Locality Name (eg, city) [Default City]:
Organization Name (eg, company) [Default Company Ltd]:
Organizational Unit Name (eg, section) []:
Common Name (eg, your name or your server's hostname) []:c
Email Address []:
Please enter the following 'extra' attributes
to be sent with your certificate request
A challenge password []:
An optional company name []:
[root@localhost ~]#
建立公鑰
writing RSA key
建立憑證
[root@localhost ~]# openssl x509 -req -in client-req.pem -days 3600 -CA ca.pem -CAkey ca-key.pem -set_serial 01 -out client-cert.pem
Signature ok
subject=/C=XX/L=Default City/O=Default Company Ltd
Getting CA Private Key
[root@localhost ~]#
[root@localhost ~]# mkdir /etc/newcerts
[root@localhost ~]# cp client-* ca* server*.pem /etc/newcerts/
[root@localhost ~]# ls /etc/newcerts
ca-key.pem client-cert.pem client-req.pem server-key.pem
ca.pem client-key.pem server-cert.pem server-req.pem
********************************************************************************
檢查 MariaDB 目前是否支援SSL
[root@localhost ~]# mysql
Welcome to the MySQL monitor. Commands end with ; or \g.
Your MySQL connection id is 2
Server version: 5.1.73 Source distribution
Copyright (c) 2000, 2013, Oracle and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved.
Oracle is a registered trademark of Oracle Corporation and/or its
affiliates. Other names may be trademarks of their respective
owners.
Type 'help;' or '\h' for help. Type '\c' to clear the current input statement.
mysql> show variables like '%ssl%';
+---------------+----------+
| Variable_name | Value |
+---------------+----------+
| have_openssl | DISABLED |
| have_ssl | DISABLED |
| ssl_ca | |
| ssl_capath | |
| ssl_cert | |
| ssl_cipher | |
| ssl_key | |
+---------------+----------+
7 rows in set (0.00 sec)
mysql> \q
Bye
[root@localhost ~]#
目前不支援，編輯 /etc/my.cnf
[root@localhost ~]# cat /etc/my.cnf
[mysqld]
datadir=/var/lib/mysql
socket=/var/lib/mysql/mysql.sock
user=mysql
# Disabling symbolic-links is recommended to prevent assorted security risks
symbolic-links=0
[mysqld_safe]
log-error=/var/log/mysqld.log
pid-file=/var/run/mysqld/mysqld.pid
[root@localhost ~]#
[root@localhost ~]# vi /etc/my.cnf
(Windows 版是 my.ini)
[mysqld] 區域最後加上
ssl-ca=/etc/newcerts/ca.pem
ssl-cert=/etc/newcerts/server-cert.pem
ssl-key=/etc/newcerts/server-key.pem
重新啟動讓 my.cnf 的設定生效
[root@localhost ~]# service mysqld restart
Stopping mysqld: [ OK ]
Starting mysqld: [ OK ]
[root@localhost ~]#
再次檢查
Starting mysqld: [ OK ]
[root@localhost ~]#
[root@localhost ~]# mysql -e "show variables like '%ssl%';"
+---------------+-------------------------------+
| Variable_name | Value |
+---------------+-------------------------------+
| have_openssl | YES |
| have_ssl | YES |
| ssl_ca | /etc/newcerts/ca.pem |
| ssl_capath | |
| ssl_cert | /etc/newcerts/server-cert.pem |
| ssl_cipher | |
| ssl_key | /etc/newcerts/server-key.pem |
+---------------+-------------------------------+
現在支援了
測試
接下來測試 MariaDB Server 和 Client 的連線
測試
接下來測試 MariaDB Server 和 Client 的連線
建立 TestDB 資料庫，TestUser 使用者，密碼為 TestPassword，並強制該使用者連上資料庫必須用 SSL 方式
mysql -e "create database TestDB"
mysql -e "show databases; "
mysql -e "grant all on TestDB.* to TestUser@localhost; "
mysql -e "set password for TestUser@localhost=password('TestPassword'); "
mysql -e "grant all privileges on TestDB.* to TestUser@'%' identified by 'TestPassword' require ssl;"
mysql -e "grant all privileges on TestDB.* to TestUser@localhost identified by 'TestPassword' require ssl;"
mysql -e "flush privileges; "
mysql -e "use mysql; select Host,User, ssl_type from user; "
[root@localhost ~]# mysql -e "use mysql; select Host,User, ssl_type from user; "
+-----------------------+----------+----------+
| Host | User | ssl_type |
+-----------------------+----------+----------+
| localhost | root | |
| localhost.localdomain | root | |
| 127.0.0.1 | root | |
| localhost | | |
| localhost.localdomain | | |
| localhost | TestUser | ANY |
| % | TestUser | ANY |
+-----------------------+----------+----------+
[root@localhost ~]#
嘗試直接連線，不用 SSL，結果失敗 (-u 和帳號之間空一格，-p和密碼間不空格)
[root@localhost phpMyAdmin]# mysql -u TestUser -pTestPassword TestDB
ERROR 1045 (28000): Access denied for user 'TestUser'@'localhost' (using password: YES)
[root@localhost phpMyAdmin]#
用 SSL 方式連線，可以連上。
[root@localhost ~]# mysql -u TestUser -pTestPassword TestDB --ssl-key=/etc/newcerts/client-key.pem --ssl-cert=/etc/newcerts/client-cert.pem --ssl-ca=/etc/newcerts/ca.pem
Welcome to the MySQL monitor. Commands end with ; or \g.
Your MySQL connection id is 12
Server version: 5.1.73 Source distribution
Copyright (c) 2000, 2013, Oracle and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved.
Oracle is a registered trademark of Oracle Corporation and/or its
affiliates. Other names may be trademarks of their respective
owners.
Type 'help;' or '\h' for help. Type '\c' to clear the current input statement.
mysql> \q
Bye
[root@localhost ~]#
Server version: 5.1.73 Source distribution
Copyright (c) 2000, 2013, Oracle and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved.
Oracle is a registered trademark of Oracle Corporation and/or its
affiliates. Other names may be trademarks of their respective
owners.
Type 'help;' or '\h' for help. Type '\c' to clear the current input statement.
mysql> \q
Bye
[root@localhost ~]#
上面測試成功了。
建立証書/憑證時，Common Name 相同，會有類似下面錯誤。
[root@localhost phpMyAdmin]# mysql -u TestUser -pTestPassword TestDB --ssl-key=/etc/newcerts/client-key.pem --ssl-cert=/etc/newcerts/client-cert.pem --ssl-ca=/etc/newcerts/ca.pem
ERROR 2026 (HY000): SSL connection error: error:14090086:SSL routines:SSL3_GET_SERVER_CERTIFICATE:certificate verify failed
[root@localhost phpMyAdmin]#
(完)
相關
安裝MariaDB的基本設定 + SSL
http://www.myhome.net.tw/2016_02/p25.htm
MariaDB 啟用 SSL/TLS
http://abcg5.pixnet.net/blog/post/114321773-mariadb-%E5%95%9F%E7%94%A8-ssl
啟用 MariaDB 支援 SSL 傳輸
http://technote.aven-network.com/610/%E5%95%9F%E7%94%A8-mariadb-%E6%94%AF%E6%8F%B4-ssl-%E5%82%B3%E8%BC%B8
Setting up MySQL SSL and secure connections
https://www.percona.com/blog/2013/06/22/setting-up-mysql-ssl-and-secure-connections/
Tutorial: Install Wordpress with MariaDB in SSL replication.
https://www.ulyaoth.net/resources/tutorial-install-wordpress-with-mariadb-in-ssl-replication.40/
MySQL 5.7 Reference Manual / 7.4.6.2 Creating SSL Certificates and Keys Using openssl
Chapter 4 MySQL Functions (PDO_MYSQL)
mysqli_ssl_set()
[研究] phpMyAdmin 4.4.6 安裝 (CentOS 7.1 x64)
http://shaurong.blogspot.com/2015/05/phpmyadmin-446-centos-71-x64.html
[研究] phpMyAdmin 4.0.10.10 安裝 (CentOS 6.6 x64)
http://shaurong.blogspot.com/2015/05/phpmyadmin-401010-centos-66-x64.html
(完)
http://shaurong.blogspot.com/2015/05/phpmyadmin-446-centos-71-x64.html
[研究] phpMyAdmin 4.0.10.10 安裝 (CentOS 6.6 x64)
http://shaurong.blogspot.com/2015/05/phpmyadmin-401010-centos-66-x64.html
(完)
