[研究] Snort 2.9.5.5 + Barnyard 安裝 (CentOS 6.4 x64)

[研究] Snort 2.9.5.5 + Barnyard 安裝 (CentOS 6.4 x64)

2013-10-29

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這四篇是相關的

[研究] snort-2.9.5.5.tar.gz (CentOS 6.4 x64) 快速安裝程式
http://shaurong.blogspot.tw/2013/10/snort-2955targz-centos-64-x64.html

[研究] snort-2.9.5.5.tar.gz (CentOS 6.4 x64) 快速安裝程式(二)
http://shaurong.blogspot.tw/2013/10/snort-2955targz-centos-64-x64_28.html

[研究] Snort 2.9.5.5 + Barnyard 安裝 (CentOS 6.4 x64)
http://shaurong.blogspot.tw/2013/10/snort-2955-barnyard-centos-64-x64.html

[研究] Snort 2.9.5.5 + Barnyard +BASE 安裝 (CentOS 6.4 x64)
http://shaurong.blogspot.tw/2013/10/snort-2955-barnyard-base-centos-64-x64.html

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請先依照下面任選一篇安裝完成 Snort

[研究] snort-2.9.5.5.tar.gz (CentOS 6.4 x64) 快速安裝程式
http://shaurong.blogspot.tw/2013/10/snort-2955targz-centos-64-x64.html

[研究] snort-2.9.5.5.tar.gz (CentOS 6.4 x64) 快速安裝程式(二)
http://shaurong.blogspot.tw/2013/10/snort-2955targz-centos-64-x64_28.html

開始安裝(請看黃底黑字)

全部用 root 操作省麻煩
su root

# 安裝 mysql 讓 barnyard 輸出 snort資訊到 mysql
# 安裝 git 是為了稍後安裝 Barnyard 使用
# 安裝 httpd、php 方便測試
# 安裝 php-mbstring、php-mcrypt 是稍後安裝 phpMyAdmin 方便測試
yum  -y  install  mysql mysql-devel git libtool mysql-server  httpd  php  php-mysql php-mbstring php-mcrypt

#下載 Barnyad
cd /usr/local/src
git clone https://github.com/firnsy/barnyard2.git barnyard2
cd barnyard2
./autogen.sh

#設定 Barnyard
#在 x86 上
./configure --with-mysql

#在 x86_64 上
./configure --with-mysql --with-mysql-libraries=/usr/lib64/mysql

#如果要寫 shell script 可以參考下面

if [ "`uname -a | grep x86_64`" != "" ]; then
  echo "x86_64"
  ./configure --with-mysql --with-mysql-libraries=/usr/lib64/mysql
else
  echo "x86"
  ./configure --with-mysql
  exit
fi

#安裝 Barnyard
make && make install

#設定啟動檔案
cp rpm/barnyard2 /etc/init.d/
chmod +x /etc/init.d/barnyard2
cp rpm/barnyard2.config /etc/sysconfig/barnyard2
chkconfig --add barnyard2

ln -s /usr/local/etc/barnyard2.conf /etc/snort/barnyard.conf
ln -s /usr/local/bin/barnyard2 /usr/bin/
mkdir -p /var/log/snort/eth0/archive/

# 因為 /etc/init.d/barnyard2 中 snort 程式為 /usr/sbin/snort，但小弟之前安裝到 /usr/local/bin/snort，所以建個 link 讓它可以執行到
ln -s  /usr/local/bin/snort   /usr/sbin/snort

vi /etc/init.d/barnyard2
#找到OPTSS 這行
...
BARNYARD_OPTS="-D -c $CONF -d $SNORTDIR/${INT} -w $WALDO_FILE -L $SNORTDIR/${INT} -a $ARCHIVEDIR -f $LOG_FILE -X $PIDFILE $EXTRA_ARGS"

這行實際上會變成下面，不符需求

-D -c /etc/snort/barnyard.conf -d /var/log/snort -w /var/log/snort/barnyard.waldo -l /var/log/snort/eth0 -a /var/log/snort/eth0/archive -f snort.log -X /var/lock/subsys/barnyard2-eth0.pid

故改為

BARNYARD_OPTS="-D -c /etc/snort/barnyard.conf -d /var/log/snort -w /var/log/snort/barnyard2.waldo -l /var/log/snort -a /var/log/snort -f snort.log -X /var/lock/subsys/barnyard2-eth0.pid"

說明一下，大寫 -L 改為小寫 -l，因為根本無此參數，官方檔案寫錯了
原來設定 -d 和 -l 都輸出到 /var/log/snort/eth0， -a 輸出到  /var/log/snort/eth0/archive ，但小弟之前安裝 snort 的文章是輸出到 /var/log/snort

#相關參數說明

[root@localhost ~]# barnyard2

  ______   -*> Barnyard2 <*-
 / ,,_  \  Version 2.1.13 (Build 327)
 |o"  )~|  By Ian Firns (SecurixLive): http://www.securixlive.com/
 + '''' +  (C) Copyright 2008-2013 Ian Firns <firnsy@securixlive.com>

USAGE: barnyard2 [-options] <filter options>
Gernal Options:
        -c <file>  Use configuration file <file>
        -C <file>  Read the classification map from <file>
        -D         Run barnyard2 in background (daemon) mode
        -e         Display the second layer header info
        -F         Turn off fflush() calls after binary log writes
        -g <gname> Run barnyard2 gid as <gname> group (or gid) after initialization
        -G <file>  Read the gen-msg map from <file>
        -h <name>  Define the hostname <name>. For logging purposes only
        -i <if>    Define the interface <if>. For logging purposes only
        -I         Add Interface name to alert output
        -l <ld>    Log to directory <ld>
        -m <umask> Set umask = <umask>
        -O         Obfuscate the logged IP addresses
        -q         Quiet. Don't show banner and status report
        -r <id>    Include 'id' in barnyard2_intf<id>.pid file name
        -R <file>  Read the reference map from <file>
        -S <file>  Read the sid-msg map from <file>
        -t <dir>   Chroots process to <dir> after initialization
        -T         Test and report on the current barnyard2 configuration
        -u <uname> Run barnyard2 uid as <uname> user (or uid) after initialization
        -U         Use UTC for timestamps
        -v         Be verbose
        -V         Show version number
        -y         Include year in timestamp in the alert and log files
        -?         Show this information

Continual Processing Options:
        -a <dir>   Archive processed files to <dir>
        -f <base>  Use <base> as the base filename pattern
        -d <dir>   Spool files from <dir>
        -n         Only process new events
        -w <file>  Enable bookmarking using <file>

Batch Processing Mode Options:
        -o         Enable batch processing mode


# 重設 barnyard2
chkconfig barnyard2 reset

# 修正 barnyard 和 snort 設定檔案，使其匹配 (都使用 snort.log 當輸出)

# 修改 /etc/sysconfig/barnyard2

[root@localhost ~]#  vi /etc/sysconfig/barnyard2
找到 LOG_FILE，修改輸出檔案為 snort.log
...
LOG_FILE="snort.log"
...

# 修改 /etc/snort/snort.conf

[root@localhost ~]#  vi /etc/snort/snort.conf
找到 output unified2 這行
# output unified2: filename merged.log, limit 128, nostamp, mpls_event_types, vlan_event_types
底下增加一行
output unified2: filename snort.log, limit 128

# 修改 /etc/sysconfig/snort

[root@localhost ~]#  cp /usr/local/src/snort-2.9.5.5/rpm/snort.sysconfig  /etc/sysconfig/snort
[root@localhost ~]#  vi /etc/sysconfig/snort
找到並修改如下 (註解掉兩項)
...
LOGDIR=/var/log/snort/
...
#ALERTMODE=fast
...
#BINARY_LOG=1
...

****************************************

# 處理 mysql

[root@localhost ~]#  service mysqld restart

# 替 MySQL 的 root 帳號設定密碼 (除了輸入密碼，其他全部按下 Enter 回答)
[root@localhost ~]# /usr/bin/mysql_secure_installation
...
Set root password? [Y/n]
New password:  輸入密碼
Re-enter new password:  再輸入一次密碼
Password updated successfully!
Reloading privilege tables..
 ... Success!

# 建立 snortdb 資料庫，存取帳號 barnyard2，密碼 123456，執行 flush privileges; 立刻生效

[root@localhost ~]# mysql -u root -p
Enter password:
Welcome to the MySQL monitor.  Commands end with ; or \g.
Your MySQL connection id is 10
Server version: 5.1.69 Source distribution

Copyright (c) 2000, 2013, Oracle and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved.

Oracle is a registered trademark of Oracle Corporation and/or its
affiliates. Other names may be trademarks of their respective
owners.

Type 'help;' or '\h' for help. Type '\c' to clear the current input statement.

mysql> create database snortdb;
Query OK, 1 row affected (0.00 sec)

mysql> grant all privileges on snortdb.* to barnyard2@localhost identified by '123456';
Query OK, 0 rows affected (0.00 sec)

mysql> flush privileges;
Query OK, 0 rows affected (0.00 sec)

mysql> exit
Bye
[root@localhost ~]#

#設定 barnyard2 輸出到 mysql

[root@localhost ~]# vi /etc/snort/barnyard.conf
尋找 output database
新建立一行
  output database: log, mysql, user=barnyard2 password=123456 dbname=snortdb host=localhost

在 snortdb 資料庫中建立 barnyard 放 snort 結果資料的 table (密碼 123456)
[root@localhost ~]# mysql snortdb -ubarnyard2 -p   <  /usr/local/src/barnyard2/schemas/create_mysql

****************************************

重新啟動 snort 和 barnyard2 (建議 snort 先啟動)

重新啟動 snort (因為 snort.conf 修改過)
[root@localhost barnyard2]# service snortd restart
Stopping Snort:                                            [  OK  ]
Starting Snort: PCAP_FRAMES -> 32768 * 4096 / 2 = 67108864 (1600)
Spawning daemon child...
My daemon child 54919 lives...
Daemon parent exiting (0)
                                                           [  OK  ]
[root@localhost barnyard2]#

就算顯示 OK，也建議檢查
[root@localhost barnyard2]# service snortd status
snort (pid 54919) is running...

[root@localhost barnyard2]# ps axu| grep snort
root     54919  0.0 33.1 654296 335884 ?       Ssl  11:45   0:00 /usr/local/bin/snort -D -i eth0 -c /etc/snort/snort.conf
root     54943  0.0  0.0 103244   828 pts/1    S+   11:47   0:00 grep snort
[root@localhost barnyard2]#

如果出現 snort dead but subsys locked，刪除鎖定檔案重新再測試
rm  -fr  /var/lock/subsys/snort

啟動 barnyard2 (會有點慢)
[root@localhost barnyard2]# service barnyard2 restart
Shutting down Snort Output Processor (barnyard2):          [  OK  ]
Starting Snort Output Processor (barnyard2):               [  OK  ]
[root@localhost barnyard2]#

就算顯示 OK，也建議檢查

[root@localhost barnyard2]# service barnyard2 status

barnyard2 (pid 54830) is running...

[root@localhost barnyard2]# ps aux | grep snort
root     52757  0.3 33.9 654452 343412 ?       Ssl  11:14   0:01 /usr/local/bin/snort -D -i eth0 -c /etc/snort/snort.conf
root     53328  0.0  0.8  60428  8856 ?        Ss   11:15   0:00 barnyard2 -D -c /etc/snort/barnyard.conf -d /var/log/snort/eth0 -w /var/log/snort/eth0/barnyard2.waldo -l /var/log/snort/eth0 -a /var/log/snort/eth0/archive -f snort.log -X /var/lock/subsys/barnyard2-eth0.pid
root     54805  0.0  0.0 103244   824 pts/1    S+   11:20   0:00 grep snort
[root@localhost barnyard2]#

****************************************

測試

手動去 http://www.phpmyadmin.net 網站下載 phpMyAdmin-4.0.8-all-languages.zip 回來安裝，方便稍後檢查是否輸出到 mysql

[root@localhost src]# unzip  phpMyAdmin-4.0.8-all-languages.zip -d /var/www/html
[root@localhost src]# mv  /var/www/html/phpMyAdmin-4.0.8-all-languages  /var/www/html/phpMyAdmin

檢查目前輸出情況

[root@localhost barnyard2]# ls -al /var/log/snort
total 76
drwx------.  5 snort snort  4096 Oct 29 15:21 .
drwxr-xr-x. 14 root  root   4096 Oct 29 10:50 ..
-rw-r--r--.  1 root  root   8248 Oct 29 10:32 alert
-rw-r--r--.  1 snort snort    18 Feb 22  2013 .bash_logout
-rw-r--r--.  1 snort snort   176 Feb 22  2013 .bash_profile
-rw-r--r--.  1 snort snort   124 Feb 22  2013 .bashrc
drwxr-xr-x.  3 root  root   4096 Oct 29 14:51 eth0
drwxr-xr-x.  2 snort snort  4096 Nov 12  2010 .gnome2
drwxr-xr-x.  4 snort snort  4096 Oct 18 00:00 .mozilla
-rw-------.  1 root  root   7359 Oct 29 10:32 snort.log.1383013442
-rw-------.  1 root  root  10853 Oct 29 15:18 snort.log.1383030811
-rw-------.  1 root  root  10853 Oct 29 15:22 snort.log.1383031315

(下圖) 用瀏覽器連上 http://192.168.128.20/phpMyAdmin 網址 (IP 是 mysql + phpMyAdmin 主機的 IP ，帳號密碼為可存取 mysql 資料庫的，例如 root 和 ??? (問你自己) 或 barnyard2 和 123456)

點選 snortdb 資料庫，目前所有 tables 有 6 筆資料

到另一台主機，進行攻擊 (實測若 nikto.pl 和 snort 同一台，測試無攻擊效果)

[root@localhost nikto-2.1.5]# ./nikto.pl -h 192.168.128.102
- ***** SSL support not available (see docs for SSL install) *****
- Nikto v2.1.5
---------------------------------------------------------------------------
+ Target IP:          192.168.128.102
+ Target Hostname:    192.168.128.102
+ Target Port:        80
+ Start Time:         2013-10-29 15:27:34 (GMT8)
---------------------------------------------------------------------------
+ Server: Apache/2.2.15 (CentOS)
+ The anti-clickjacking X-Frame-Options header is not present.
+ Apache/2.2.15 appears to be outdated (current is at least Apache/2.2.22). Apac                                                  he 1.3.42 (final release) and 2.0.64 are also current.
+ Allowed HTTP Methods: GET, HEAD, POST, OPTIONS, TRACE
+ OSVDB-877: HTTP TRACE method is active, suggesting the host is vulnerable to XST
+ Retrieved x-powered-by header: PHP/5.3.3
+ Uncommon header 'x-webkit-csp' found, with contents: default-src 'self' ;scrip                                                  t-src 'self'  'unsafe-inline' 'unsafe-eval';style-src 'self' 'unsafe-inline';img                                                  -src 'self' data:  *.tile.openstreetmap.org *.tile.opencyclemap.org;
+ Uncommon header 'x-ob_mode' found, with contents: 0
+ Uncommon header 'x-frame-options' found, with contents: DENY
+ Uncommon header 'x-content-security-policy' found, with contents: default-src                                                   'self' ;options inline-script eval-script;img-src 'self' data:  *.tile.openstree                                                  tmap.org *.tile.opencyclemap.org;
+ OSVDB-3092: /phpMyAdmin/: phpMyAdmin is for managing MySQL databases, and shou                                                  ld be protected or limited to authorized hosts.
+ OSVDB-3268: /icons/: Directory indexing found.
+ Server leaks inodes via ETags, header found with file /icons/README, inode: 31                                                  46028, size: 5108, mtime: 0x438c0358aae80
+ OSVDB-3233: /icons/README: Apache default file found.
+ /phpMyAdmin/: phpMyAdmin directory found
+ 6545 items checked: 0 error(s) and 14 item(s) reported on remote host
+ End Time:           2013-10-29 15:27:43 (GMT8) (9 seconds)
---------------------------------------------------------------------------
+ 1 host(s) tested
[root@localhost nikto-2.1.5]#

回 snort 電腦檢查結果

[root@localhost barnyard2]# ls -al /var/log/snort
total 92
drwx------.  5 snort snort  4096 Oct 29 15:26 .
drwxr-xr-x. 14 root  root   4096 Oct 29 10:50 ..
-rw-r--r--.  1 root  root   8248 Oct 29 10:32 alert
-rw-------.  1 root  root   2056 Oct 29 15:27 barnyard2.waldo
-rw-r--r--.  1 snort snort    18 Feb 22  2013 .bash_logout
-rw-r--r--.  1 snort snort   176 Feb 22  2013 .bash_profile
-rw-r--r--.  1 snort snort   124 Feb 22  2013 .bashrc
drwxr-xr-x.  3 root  root   4096 Oct 29 14:51 eth0
drwxr-xr-x.  2 snort snort  4096 Nov 12  2010 .gnome2
drwxr-xr-x.  4 snort snort  4096 Oct 18 00:00 .mozilla
-rw-------.  1 root  root   7359 Oct 29 10:32 snort.log.1383013442
-rw-------.  1 root  root  10853 Oct 29 15:18 snort.log.1383030811
-rw-------.  1 root  root  21706 Oct 29 15:27 snort.log.1383031315
[root@localhost src]#

應該會有一個 barnyard2.waldo 檔案存在，snort.log.xxxx 在每次 snort 重新啟動都會新建立一個，只有新建立的這個 size 會變大

(下圖) 所有 tables 的資料筆數應該增加 ( 請等幾秒按 F5 更新畫面，寫入要花點時間)

alert 檔案在只安裝 snort，沒有安裝 barnyard 時候，每攻擊一次會變大一次，但是目前不會變大了，待研究....

(未完待續....還有 BASE 和 ADODB)