[研究] 4主機 MySQL Cluster 7.5.9 架設(CentOS 7.4 x64)

[研究] 4主機 MySQL Cluster 7.5.9 架設(CentOS 7.4 x64)

2018-02-02

這次安裝測試的 MySQL Cluster 7.5.9 是修改自 MySQL 5.7。
MySQL Cluster 7.3.3 版的安裝，和 MySQL Cluster 7.4.19 似乎相同。(未實測)
但 MySQL Cluster 7.5.9 版的安裝，和 MySQL Cluster 7.3.3 與 7.4.19 版差異非常大。

參考文件
Chapter 21 MySQL NDB Cluster 7.5 and NDB Cluster 7.6
https://dev.mysql.com/doc/refman/5.7/en/mysql-cluster.html
https://dev.mysql.com/doc/refman/5.7/en/mysql-cluster-install-linux-rpm.html

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一、概念說明

MySQL Cluster(叢集，大陸稱為 "集群" 或 "群集") 架構大致如下，此為官方網站的圖片，網址

https://dev.mysql.com/doc/refman/5.7/en/images/cluster-components-1.png

NDB 是 Network DataBase (網路資料庫)

MySQL Cluster中主機分三類

1. 管理主機 : 服務程式(Deamon) 稱為 ndb_mgmd (NDB Management Daemon的意思)
              管理工具稱為 ndb_mgm (NDB Management 的意思)，預設使用 Port 1186。
2. Data Node: 實際存放資料的主機 (Storage)，服務程式稱為 ndbd (NDB Daemon的意思)。
3. SQL Node : 提供存取資料庫內容，服務程式稱為 mysqld (MySQL Deamon的意思)。

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二、環境

VMware Workstation Pro 14.1.1 架設4台 VM，都安裝 CentOS 7.4 x64

VM 種類選 Red Hat Enterprise Linux 7 64-bit，記憶體設 2024 MB
(敝人真實機器 總共 16 GB RAM)

為了方便辨識，設定一下主機名稱

centos1  eth0:192.168.128.101 (MGM Node)
centos2  eth0:192.168.128.102 (SQL Node)
centos3  eth0:192.168.128.103 (Data Node)
centos4  eth0:192.168.128.104 (Data Node)

centos1 主機名稱設定方法
su   root
hostname    centos1

vi  /etc/hosts
增加
192.168.128.101     centos1
其他依此類推
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三、套件下載

套件下載 (免費註冊登入後才能下載)
http://dev.mysql.com/downloads/cluster/#downloads

Select Operating System: Red Hat Enterprise Linux / Oracle Linux
Select OS Version: Red Hat Enterprise Linux 7 / Oracle Linux (x86, 64-bit)
RPM Bundle 7.5.9 766.2M
Download : (mysql-cluster-community-7.5.9-1.el7.x86_64.rpm-bundle.tar)

可以直要下載 mysql-cluster-community-7.5.9-1.el7.x86_64.rpm-bundle.tar，解開後就有所有需要的 rpm

或你也可以個別去下載 rpm

[root@localhost ~]# wget   http://dev.mysql.com/get/Downloads/mysql-cluster-community-7.5.9-1.el7.x86_64.rpm-bundle.tar

7.3.3 版只有
[root@localhost ~]#
MySQL-Cluster-shared-gpl-7.3.3-1.el6.x86_64.rpm
MySQL-Cluster-test-gpl-7.3.3-1.el6.x86_64.rpm
MySQL-Cluster-devel-gpl-7.3.3-1.el6.x86_64.rpm
MySQL-Cluster-shared-compat-gpl-7.3.3-1.el6.x86_64.rpm
MySQL-Cluster-server-gpl-7.3.3-1.el6.x86_64.rpm
MySQL-Cluster-client-gpl-7.3.3-1.el6.x86_64.rpm
MySQL-Cluster-embedded-gpl-7.3.3-1.el6.x86_64.rpm
[root@localhost ~]#

7.5.9 版

[root@localhost ~]# tar   xvf   mysql-cluster-community-7.5.9-1.el7.x86_64.rpm-bundle.tar
mysql-cluster-community-ndbclient-7.5.9-1.el7.x86_64.rpm
mysql-cluster-community-minimal-debuginfo-7.5.9-1.el7.x86_64.rpm
mysql-cluster-community-devel-7.5.9-1.el7.x86_64.rpm
mysql-cluster-community-auto-installer-7.5.9-1.el7.x86_64.rpm
mysql-cluster-community-client-7.5.9-1.el7.x86_64.rpm
mysql-cluster-community-ndbclient-devel-7.5.9-1.el7.x86_64.rpm
mysql-cluster-community-libs-7.5.9-1.el7.x86_64.rpm
mysql-cluster-community-libs-compat-7.5.9-1.el7.x86_64.rpm
mysql-cluster-community-management-server-7.5.9-1.el7.x86_64.rpm
mysql-cluster-community-embedded-devel-7.5.9-1.el7.x86_64.rpm
mysql-cluster-community-embedded-7.5.9-1.el7.x86_64.rpm
mysql-cluster-community-embedded-compat-7.5.9-1.el7.x86_64.rpm
mysql-cluster-community-data-node-7.5.9-1.el7.x86_64.rpm
mysql-cluster-community-java-7.5.9-1.el7.x86_64.rpm
mysql-cluster-community-nodejs-7.5.9-1.el7.x86_64.rpm
mysql-cluster-community-common-7.5.9-1.el7.x86_64.rpm
mysql-cluster-community-memcached-7.5.9-1.el7.x86_64.rpm
mysql-cluster-community-test-7.5.9-1.el7.x86_64.rpm
mysql-cluster-community-server-minimal-7.5.9-1.el7.x86_64.rpm
mysql-cluster-community-server-7.5.9-1.el7.x86_64.rpm
[root@localhost ~]#

因為要登入後才能下載，下載速度請別太低，一旦登入時間 time out，下載會自動中斷

小弟遇過下載的環境限制每個下載 session 只有 500 Kbits/s，下載最大的檔案很容易發生下載被中斷的情況。

下載後，可用 WinSCP 丟到 VM 中；或用 UltraISO 做成 .iso 檔案，掛載到 VMware 光碟機，然後用 mount 掛載到 Linux 上的 /media 目錄使用

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四、安裝

為了省麻煩，防火牆先關閉，請把 SELinux 也關閉

要立刻關閉 SELinux (但 reboot 後仍會開啟)可執行 /usr/sbin/setenforce 0

要永久關閉，請修改 /etc/selinux/config
把 SELINUX=enforcing 改為 SELINUX=disabled
此修改不會立刻生效，要 reboot 才有效

CentOS 用 yum 安裝的 MySQL 是不能架設 Cluster 的，必須移除，
然後去 MySQL 官方網站註冊和下載 MySQL Cluster 使用的套件
(rpm 安裝和 tar.gz 安裝的很多路徑不同，如果使用非 rpm 請自己另外研究)

/usr/sbin/setenforce 0 
sed -i -e "s@SELINUX=enforcing@#SELINUX=enforcing@" /etc/selinux/config
sed -i -e "s@SELINUX=permissive@#SELINUX=permissive@" /etc/selinux/config
sed -i -e "/SELINUX=/aSELINUX=disabled" /etc/selinux/config

# CentOS 6.x
# service iptables stop

# CentOS 7.x
systemctl stop firewalld

systemctl disable firewalld

yum -y remove mysql*
yum   -y   remove   mariadb*

reboot

PS：某些資訊說 /usr/sbin/setenforce 0  可以立刻關閉 SELinux，但是實際上好像未必，最好設定 /etc/selinux/config 後 reboot 會比較保險

各Node基本需要的套件如下

對於 7.5.9 麻煩很多
* 7.3.3 版 management server 包在 server 中，7.5.9 獨立了
* Server 套件需要 client 和 common
* client 套件需要 libs 和某些 perl 套件
* 某些 perl 套件在 CentOS 7.4 的 yum 預設沒有，要安裝 epel 才有
* management 套件從 Server 從拆出，所以又要另外安裝
* 下面 yum  -y   install   epel-release 要執行兩次沒有錯，第一次安裝了目前 yum 提供的版本，第二次把 epel 更新到最新

結果如下 

https://dev.mysql.com/doc/refman/5.7/en/mysql-cluster-install-linux-rpm.html
這裡有說明哪個程式 在 哪個套件中

********************************************************************************

MGM Node (centos1, NDB (Network DataBase) Management Server ) v7.3.3

# 單機版 mysql 或 mariadb 會和 mysql cluster 衝突
yum -y remove mysql*
yum   -y   remove   mariadb*

MySQL-Cluster-server-gpl-7.3.3-1.el6.x86_64.rpm

MGM Node (centos1, NDB (Network DataBase) Management Server ) v.7.5.9

# 單機版 mysql 或 mariadb 會和 mysql cluster 衝突
yum -y remove mysql*
yum   -y   remove   mariadb*

# ndb_mgmd 在 management server 套件中
rpm   -Uvh   mysql-cluster-community-management-server-7.5.9-1.el7.x86_64.rpm


# ndb_mgm 在 client 套件中
rpm   -Uvh   mysql-cluster-community-common-7.5.9-1.el7.x86_64.rpm

yum  -y   install   epel-release
yum  -y   install   epel-release
yum  -y   install   perl  perl-DBI  perl-Data-Dumper  perl-Class-MethodMaker

rpm   -Uvh   mysql-cluster-community-libs-7.5.9-1.el7.x86_64.rpm

rpm   -Uvh   mysql-cluster-community-client-7.5.9-1.el7.x86_64.rpm

********************************************************************************

SQL Node (centos2) v7.3.3

# 單機版 mysql 或 mariadb 會和 mysql cluster 衝突
yum -y remove mysql*
yum   -y   remove   mariadb*

rpm -Uhv MySQL-Cluster-server-gpl-7.3.3-1.el6.x86_64.rpm
rpm -Uhv MySQL-Cluster-client-gpl-7.3.3-1.el6.x86_64.rpm

SQL Node (centos2) v7.5.9

# 單機版 mysql 或 mariadb 會和 mysql cluster 衝突
yum -y remove mysql*
yum   -y   remove   mariadb*

# mysql clinet 在 client 套件中
rpm   -Uvh   mysql-cluster-community-common-7.5.9-1.el7.x86_64.rpm

yum  -y   install   epel-release

yum  -y   install   epel-release
yum  -y   install   perl  perl-DBI  perl-Data-Dumper  perl-Class-MethodMaker

rpm   -Uvh   mysql-cluster-community-libs-7.5.9-1.el7.x86_64.rpm

rpm   -Uvh   mysql-cluster-community-client-7.5.9-1.el7.x86_64.rpm

# mysql server 在 server 套件中

rpm   -Uhv   mysql-cluster-community-server-7.5.9-1.el7.x86_64.rpm

********************************************************************************
Data Node (centos3 和 centos4) v7.3.3

# 單機版 mysql 或 mariadb 會和 mysql cluster 衝突
yum -y remove mysql*
yum   -y   remove   mariadb*

rpm -Uhv MySQL-Cluster-server-gpl-7.3.3-1.el6.x86_64.rpm

Data Node (centos3 和 centos4) v7.5.9

# 單機版 mysql 或 mariadb 會和 mysql cluster 衝突
yum -y remove mysql*
yum   -y   remove   mariadb*

# ndbd 在 data node 套件中
rpm   -Uvh   mysql-cluster-community-data-node-7.5.9-1.el7.x86_64.rpm

********************************************************************************

centos1 上安裝情況 (v7.3.3)

[root@centos1 ~]# rpm -Uhv MySQL-Cluster-server-gpl-7.3.3-1.el6.x86_64.rpm
Preparing...                ########################################### [100%]
   1:MySQL-Cluster-server-gp########################################### [100%]

PLEASE REMEMBER TO SET A PASSWORD FOR THE MySQL root USER !
To do so, start the server, then issue the following commands:

/usr/bin/mysqladmin -u root password 'new-password'
/usr/bin/mysqladmin -u root -h localhost.localdomain password 'new-password'

Alternatively you can run:
/usr/bin/mysql_secure_installation

which will also give you the option of removing the test
databases and anonymous user created by default.  This is
strongly recommended for production servers.

See the manual for more instructions.

Please report any problems with the /usr/bin/mysqlbug script!

[root@localhost ~]#

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五、設定

參考

17.2.4. Initial Configuration of MySQL Cluster
http://dev.mysql.com/doc/refman/5.6/en/mysql-cluster-install-configuration.html
https://dev.mysql.com/doc/refman/5.7/en/mysql-cluster-install-configuration.html

17.3.2.1. MySQL Cluster Configuration: Basic Example
http://dev.mysql.com/doc/refman/5.6/en/mysql-cluster-config-example.html
https://dev.mysql.com/doc/refman/5.7/en/mysql-cluster-config-example.html

(1) 設定 Data Nodes 和 SQL Nodes

centos2, centos3, centos4 主機上

vi   /etc/my.cnf

內容增加 (append)

[mysqld]
# Options for mysqld process:
ndbcluster                      # run NDB storage engine

[mysql_cluster]
# Options for MySQL Cluster processes:
ndb-connectstring=192.168.128.101  # location of management server

(2) 設定 MGM Node

centos1 主機上

mkdir   /var/lib/mysql-cluster
cd   /var/lib/mysql-cluster
vi   config.ini

內容

[ndbd default]
# Options affecting ndbd processes on all data nodes:
NoOfReplicas=2    # Number of replicas
DataMemory=80M    # How much memory to allocate for data storage
IndexMemory=18M   # How much memory to allocate for index storage
                  # For DataMemory and IndexMemory, we have used the
                  # default values. Since the "world" database takes up
                  # only about 500KB, this should be more than enough for
                  # this example Cluster setup.

[tcp default]
# TCP/IP options:
#portnumber=2202   # This the default; however, you can use any
                  # port that is free for all the hosts in the cluster
                  # Note: It is recommended that you do not specify the port
                  # number at all and simply allow the default value to be used
                  # instead

[ndb_mgmd]
# Management process options:
hostname=192.168.128.101           # Hostname or IP address of MGM node
datadir=/var/lib/mysql-cluster  # Directory for MGM node log files

[ndbd]
# Options for data node "A":
                                # (one [ndbd] section per data node)
hostname=192.168.128.103           # Hostname or IP address
datadir=/usr/local/mysql/data   # Directory for this data node's data files

[ndbd]
# Options for data node "B":
hostname=192.168.128.104           # Hostname or IP address
datadir=/usr/local/mysql/data   # Directory for this data node's data files

[mysqld]
# SQL node options:
hostname=192.168.128.102           # Hostname or IP address
                                # (additional mysqld connections can be
                                # specified for this node for various
# purposes such as running ndb_restore)

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六、啟動

注意，啟動順序是 MGM (centos1) => Data Node (兩台，centos3 和 centos4) => SQL Node (centos2)

17.2.5. Initial Startup of MySQL Cluster
http://dev.mysql.com/doc/refman/5.6/en/mysql-cluster-install-first-start.html
https://dev.mysql.com/doc/refman/5.6/en/mysql-cluster-install-first-start.html
https://dev.mysql.com/doc/refman/5.7/en/mysql-cluster-install-first-start.html


啟動 MySQL Cluster 順序: 首先啟動管理節點服務器(ndb_mgmd)，然後啟動存儲節點服務器(ndbd)，最後才啟動SQL節點服務器(service mysql start)

(1) MGM 主機上

centos1 主機上 (v7.3.3)

[root@localhost mysql-cluster]# ndb_mgmd -f /var/lib/mysql-cluster/config.ini  --initial
MySQL Cluster Management Server mysql-5.6.14 ndb-7.3.3
[root@localhost mysql-cluster]#

centos1 主機上 (v7.5.9)

第一次執行訊息如下

[root@centos1 mysql-cluster]# ndb_mgmd -f /var/lib/mysql-cluster/config.ini  --initial
MySQL Cluster Management Server mysql-5.7.21 ndb-7.5.9
2018-02-28 18:01:39 [MgmtSrvr] INFO     -- The default config directory '/usr/mysql-cluster' does not exist. Trying to create it...
2018-02-28 18:01:39 [MgmtSrvr] INFO     -- Sucessfully created config directory
[root@centos1 mysql-cluster]#

第二次開始執行訊息如下

[root@centos1 mysql-cluster]# ndb_mgmd -f /var/lib/mysql-cluster/config.ini  --initial
MySQL Cluster Management Server mysql-5.7.21 ndb-7.5.9
[root@centos1 ~]#

如果 config.ini 檔案有修改過，要加上 --initial 參數，否則可以不用加上。

(2) 啟動 Data Node (兩台都要做)

centos3 主機上 (v7.3.3)

[root@centos3 ~]# mkdir -p  /usr/local/mysql/data/

[root@centos3 ~]# ndbd
2014-01-08 20:41:51 [ndbd] INFO     -- Angel connected to '192.168.128.101:1186'
2014-01-08 20:41:51 [ndbd] INFO     -- Angel allocated nodeid: 2
[root@centos3 ~]#

centos3 主機上 (v7.5.9)

[root@centos3 ~]# mkdir -p  /usr/local/mysql/data/
[root@centos3 ~]# ndbd
2018-02-28 19:15:32 [ndbd] INFO     -- Angel connected to '192.168.128.101:1186'
2018-02-28 19:15:32 [ndbd] INFO     -- Angel allocated nodeid: 2
[root@centos3 ~]#

centos4 主機上 (v7.3.3)

[root@centos4 ~]# mkdir -p  /usr/local/mysql/data/

[root@centos4 ~]# ndbd
2014-01-08 20:41:56 [ndbd] INFO     -- Angel connected to '192.168.128.101:1186'
2014-01-08 20:41:56 [ndbd] INFO     -- Angel allocated nodeid: 3
[root@centos4 ~]#

centos4 主機上 (v7.5.9)

[root@centos4 ~]# mkdir -p  /usr/local/mysql/data/
[root@centos4 ~]# ndbd
2018-02-28 18:18:28 [ndbd] INFO     -- Angel connected to '192.168.128.101:1186'
2018-02-28 18:18:28 [ndbd] INFO     -- Angel allocated nodeid: 3
[root@centos4 ~]#

(3) 啟動 SQL Node

centos2 主機上 (v7.3.3)

[root@centos2 ~]# service mysql start
Starting MySQL................................ SUCCESS!
[root@centos2 ~]#

centos2 主機上 (v7.5.9)

[root@centos2 ~]# service mysqld start
Redirecting to /bin/systemctl start mysqld.service

[root@centos2 ~]#

(4) 檢查目前狀況

到 MGM 主機 (centos1) 上檢查目前狀況

[root@centos1 ~]# ndb_mgm
-- NDB Cluster -- Management Client --
ndb_mgm> show
Connected to Management Server at: localhost:1186
Cluster Configuration
---------------------
[ndbd(NDB)]     2 node(s)
id=2    @192.168.128.103  (mysql-5.6.14 ndb-7.3.3, Nodegroup: 0, *)
id=3    @192.168.128.104  (mysql-5.6.14 ndb-7.3.3, Nodegroup: 0)

[ndb_mgmd(MGM)] 1 node(s)
id=1    @192.168.128.101  (mysql-5.6.14 ndb-7.3.3)

[mysqld(API)]   1 node(s)
id=4 (not connected, accepting connect from 192.168.128.102)

ndb_mgm>
[root@centos1 ~]#

按下 Ctrl-C 跳出

或

[root@centos1 ~]# ndb_mgm -e show
Connected to Management Server at: localhost:1186
Cluster Configuration
---------------------
[ndbd(NDB)]     2 node(s)
id=2    @192.168.128.103  (mysql-5.6.14 ndb-7.3.3, Nodegroup: 0, *)
id=3    @192.168.128.104  (mysql-5.6.14 ndb-7.3.3, Nodegroup: 0)

[ndb_mgmd(MGM)] 1 node(s)
id=1    @192.168.128.101  (mysql-5.6.14 ndb-7.3.3)

[mysqld(API)]   1 node(s)
id=4 (not connected, accepting connect from 192.168.128.102)

[root@centos1 ~]#


停止 MySQL Cluster

執行 ndb_mgm -e shuwdown 會把所有 MGM Node 和所有 Data Node 的 ndb_mgmd 和 ndbd 都停止掉。

[root@centos1 ~]# ndb_mgm -e SHUTDOWN
Connected to Management Server at: localhost:1186
3 NDB Cluster node(s) have shutdown.
Disconnecting to allow management server to shutdown.
[root@centos1 ~]#

**********

v7.5.9 版

[root@centos1 mysql-cluster]# ndb_mgm
-- NDB Cluster -- Management Client --
ndb_mgm> show
Connected to Management Server at: localhost:1186
Cluster Configuration
---------------------
[ndbd(NDB)]     2 node(s)
id=2    @192.168.128.103  (mysql-5.7.21 ndb-7.5.9, Nodegroup: 0, *)
id=3    @192.168.128.104  (mysql-5.7.21 ndb-7.5.9, Nodegroup: 0)

[ndb_mgmd(MGM)] 1 node(s)
id=1    @192.168.128.101  (mysql-5.7.21 ndb-7.5.9)

[mysqld(API)]   1 node(s)
id=4    @192.168.128.102  (mysql-5.7.21 ndb-7.5.9)

ndb_mgm>
[root@centos1 mysql-cluster]#

按下 Ctrl-C 跳出

或

[root@centos1 ~]# ndb_mgm -e show

Connected to Management Server at: localhost:1186
Cluster Configuration
---------------------
[ndbd(NDB)]     2 node(s)
id=2    @192.168.128.103  (mysql-5.7.21 ndb-7.5.9, Nodegroup: 0, *)
id=3    @192.168.128.104  (mysql-5.7.21 ndb-7.5.9, Nodegroup: 0)

[ndb_mgmd(MGM)] 1 node(s)
id=1    @192.168.128.101  (mysql-5.7.21 ndb-7.5.9)

[mysqld(API)]   1 node(s)
id=4    @192.168.128.102  (mysql-5.7.21 ndb-7.5.9)

[root@centos1 mysql-cluster]#

停止 MySQL Cluster

執行 ndb_mgm -e shuwdown 會把所有 MGM Node 和所有 Data Node 的 ndb_mgmd 和 ndbd 都停止掉。

[root@centos1 ~]# ndb_mgm -e SHUTDOWN
Connected to Management Server at: localhost:1186
3 NDB Cluster node(s) have shutdown.
Disconnecting to allow management server to shutdown.
[root@centos1 ~]#

七.測試

資料庫的備份和還原請參考這篇

[研究] 2主機 MySQL Cluster 7.3.3-1 架設
http://shaurong.blogspot.tw/2013/02/2-mysql-cluster-7210-1.html

八、防火牆

CentOS 6.x 上

centos1 上 (接受 centos2 的連線)

chkconfig iptables on
service iptables start
chkconfig  iptables on
iptables -A INPUT -s 192.168.128.102 -p tcp --dport 1186 -j ACCEPT
iptables-save


在 centos2 執行 (接受 centos1 的連線)

chkconfig iptables on
service iptables start
chkconfig  iptables on
iptables -A INPUT -s 192.168.128.101 -p tcp --dport 1186 -j ACCEPT
iptables-save

其中 iptables-save 命令會把防火牆規則存到 /etc/sysconfig/iptables

**********

CentOS 7.x 上

[研究] CentOS 7.0 x64 的 iptables 與 firewall-cmd 防火牆
http://shaurong.blogspot.tw/2014/07/centos-70-x64.html

(完)

相關

[研究] 4主機 MySQL Cluster 7.5.9 架設(CentOS 7.4 x64)
http://shaurong.blogspot.com/2018/02/4-mysql-cluster-759-centos-74-x64.html

[研究] 4主機 MySQL Cluster 7.3.3 架設(CentOS 6.5 x64)
http://shaurong.blogspot.com/2014/01/4-mysql-cluster-7.html

[研究] MySQL 5.6.15 安裝(rpm)(CentOS 6.5 x64)
http://shaurong.blogspot.com/2014/01/mysql-5615-rpmcentos-65-x64.html

[研究] MySQL Community 5.6.15 版安裝(yum) (CentOS 6.5 x64)
http://shaurong.blogspot.com/2014/01/mysql-community-5615-tgz-centos-65-x64.html

[研究] 4主機 MySQL Cluster 7.2.10.1 架設
http://shaurong.blogspot.tw/2013/02/4-mysql-cluster-7210-1.html

[研究] 2主機 MySQL Cluster 7.2.10-1 架設
http://shaurong.blogspot.com/2013/02/2-mysql-cluster-7210-1.html

[研究] 4主機 MySQL Cluster 7.0.9 架設
http://forum.icst.org.tw/phpbb/viewtopic.php?f=10&t=17903

[研究] 雙主機 MySQL Cluster 7.0.9架設
http://forum.icst.org.tw/phpbb/viewtopic.php?f=10&t=17904

[研究] MariaDB 5.5 安裝(yum)(CentOS 6.3 x64)
http://shaurong.blogspot.com/2013/02/mariadb-55-yum-centos-63-x64.html

[研究] CentOS 5.4 x86 上 MySQL 資料庫同步(Replication)
http://forum.icst.org.tw/phpbb/viewtopic.php?t=17824

[研究] mariadb-5.1.42 (tar.gz)(瑪利亞資料庫, MySQL) 安裝 (CentOS 5.4)
http://forum.icst.org.tw/phpbb/viewtopic.php?t=17988

[研究] mariadb-5.2.4-Linux-i686.tar.gz 安裝 (CentOS 5.5 x86)
http://forum.icst.org.tw/phpbb/viewtopic.php?t=19434

[研究] mysql-5.5.14.tar.gz 安裝(失敗)(CentOS 6.0 x86)
http://forum.icst.org.tw/phpbb/viewtopic.php?t=20252

[研究] mysql-5.5.8.tar.gz 安裝(CentOS 5.5 x86)
http://forum.icst.org.tw/phpbb/viewtopic.php?t=19214

[研究] mysql-5.5.8.tar.gz 安裝(Fedora 14 x86)
http://forum.icst.org.tw/phpbb/viewtopic.php?t=19215

[研究] 每天自動備份 MySQL 方法
http://shaurong.blogspot.com/2014/01/mysql.html
http://forum.icst.org.tw/phpbb/viewtopic.php?t=14972

[研究] 雙主機 MySQL Cluster 7.0.9 架設
http://forum.icst.org.tw/phpbb/viewtopic.php?t=17904

[研究][ASP.NET][C#][WebForm] 帶資料表的圖表 Chart with Data Table

[研究][ASP.NET][C#][WebForm] 帶資料表的圖表 Chart with Data Table  ( Chart Layouts 5 )

2018-02-28

 '
(下圖) 畫出一般的圖表了 ( Chart )

(下圖) 點「圖表版面配置」(英文版 Excel 稱為 Chart Layouts)

(下圖) 選「版面配置 5」( Chart Layout 5 )

(下圖) 結果

如何用 ASP.NET 劃出這種「帶資料表的圖表」  ( Chart with Data Table )？

經過調查和詢問，結論是目前 ASP.NET 的 Chart 控制元件 ( Chart Control ) 不支援，目前只能在 Excel 軟體上做到。

(待續)

相關

Q458061 - Report with chart and "data table" | DevExpress Support Center
https://www.devexpress.com/Support/Center/Question/Details/Q458061/report-with-chart-and-data-table
There is no build-in support for this feature in our ChartControl at present, and I'm afraid that there is no way to work around it. 
Chart with Data Table 目前在 Chart Control 不支援。

SSRS Charts with Data Tables (Excel Style) – Some Random Thoughts
http://sqljason.com/2012/10/ssrs-charts-with-data-tables-excel-style.html

Example: Charts with Data Tables — XlsxWriter Documentation

http://xlsxwriter.readthedocs.io/example_chart_data_table.html

用 C# 去建立 .xlsx 檔案，在 .xlsx 建立 Charts with Data Tables

Chart data table
https://www.easyxls.com/manual/basics/excel-chart-data-table.html
使用 EasyXLS 元件在 Excel 中建立 Chart Data Table

How to draw this chart by .NET
https://forums.asp.net/p/2136130/6191749.aspx?p=True&t=636537894495024787

[WebForm] 請問如何畫出這種 Chart 圖？
https://social.msdn.microsoft.com/Forums/zh-TW/71ba7169-afb5-4414-a77b-c16ffbea8155/webform-chart-?forum=236

[WebForm] SOS ~ How to draw this chart ?
https://social.msdn.microsoft.com/Forums/vstudio/en-US/b47b69c9-544e-4d9d-8077-a071d5d9eb40/webform-sos-how-to-draw-this-chart-?forum=csharpgeneral

Chart Layouts
https://blogs.office.com/en-us/2012/06/21/combining-chart-types-adding-a-second-axis/

Applying a Predefined Chart Layout and Style
https://documentation.devexpress.com/aspnet/115064/ASP-NET-WebForms-Controls/Spreadsheet/Concepts/Charting/Applying-a-Predefined-Chart-Layout-and-Style

[研究] Windows 7 「自黏便箋」(桌面便利貼、便利貼、隨手貼)(Sticky Notes)

[研究] Windows 7 「自黏便箋」(桌面便利貼、便利貼、隨手貼)(Sticky Notes)

2018-02-24

最近想找一套便利貼軟體，發現以前的 3M Post It Lite 3.1 和 ATnotes 都不再更新，後來找到兩套列入考慮：

Simple Sticky Notes 4.1.1 便利貼 (2018-01-25更新)
http://www.simplestickynotes.com/

Stickies 9.0e 便利貼 (2018-01-xx 更新)
http://www.zhornsoftware.co.uk/stickies/download.html
(有非官方的繁體中文化介面，請 Google )

再後來，發現 Windows 7 有提供，只是稱為「自黏便箋」。

工作管理員看到 StikyNot.exe

如果需要備份和還原，存放路徑
C:\Users\用戶名\AppData\Roaming\Microsoft\Sticky Notes
檔案名稱
StickyNotes.snt

(完)

相關

Windows 7 中「自黏便箋」快速鍵
https://support.microsoft.com/zh-tw/help/2278365
粗體文字 CTRL + B
斜體文字 CTRL + I
底線文字 CTRL + U
刪除線 CTRL + T
項目符號清單 CTRL + SHIFT + L
放大文字大小 CTRL + SHIFT + >
縮小文字大小 CTRL + SHIFT + <

[研究] 密碼設定建議

[研究] 密碼設定建議

2018-02-24

蘋果日報：密碼安全法則翻新：毋須常更新
2017/08/09
https://tw.news.appledaily.com/international/daily/20170809/37743491/

現代密碼要求數字與字母混合、大小寫，發明者很後悔
2017-08-09發表
https://www.ithome.com.tw/news/116127

15 年前發明煩死人的密碼規則，Bill Burr：抱歉浪費大家時間
2017/8/10
https://www.inside.com.tw/2017/08/10/the-guy-who-invented-those-annoying-password-rules-now-regrets-wasting-your-time

煩死人的密碼規則禍首是他 發明人道歉：放錯重點
2017-08-11
https://udn.com/news/story/7088/2636942


密碼交錯字母、數字與符號不一定安全，密碼規則設定者為這形式感到後悔
發布日期 2017 年 08 月 10 日
https://ccc.technews.tw/2017/08/10/the-guy-who-invented-those-annoying-password-rules-now-regrets-wasting-your-time/

密碼規則的盲點與未來可能發展
邱述琛 -2017 / 12 / 05
https://www.informationsecurity.com.tw/article/article_detail.aspx?aid=8549


********************************************************************************

NIST (National Institute of Standards and Technology，美國國家標準技術研究所)
2017年6月版《數位身分指南》《NIST Special Publication 800-63B Digital Identity Guidelines》
https://pages.nist.gov/800-63-3/sp800-63b.html

其中：

5.1.1.2 Memorized Secret Verifiers 記憶密碼驗證

Verifiers SHOULD NOT impose other composition rules (e.g., requiring mixtures of different character types or prohibiting consecutively repeated characters) for memorized secrets. Verifiers SHOULD NOT require memorized secrets to be changed arbitrarily (e.g., periodically). However, verifiers SHALL force a change if there is evidence of compromise of the authenticator.

不應強加其他組合規則（例如，要求不同字符類型的混合或禁止連續重複的字符），不應要求密碼任意改變（例如，週期性地）

Verifiers SHOULD permit claimants to use “paste” functionality when entering a memorized secret. This facilitates the use of password managers, which are widely used and in many cases increase the likelihood that users will choose stronger memorized secrets.

應該允許使用者在輸入密碼時使用“黏貼/複製貼上”功能。這有助於密碼管理器的使用，在許多情況下增加了使用者選擇更強大的密碼的可能性。

(完)

[研究] 判斷我的帳戶所連接的 Microsoft Exchange Server 版本

[研究] 判斷我的帳戶所連接的 Microsoft Exchange Server 版本

2018-02-22

測試環境：Windows 7 + Outlook 2010

Microsoft Exchange Server	版本
Microsoft Exchange Server 2007	8.0.685.24 或 8.0.685.25
Microsoft Exchange Server 2007 SP1	8.1.240.006
Microsoft Exchange Server 2007 SP2	8.2.176.002
Microsoft Exchange Server 2007 SP3	8.3.83.006
Microsoft Exchange Server 2010	14.0.639.21
Microsoft Exchange Server 2010 SP1	14.1.218.15
Microsoft Exchange Server 2010 SP2	14.2.247.5
Microsoft Exchange Server 2013	15.0.516.032

(完)

相關

判斷我的帳戶所連接的 Microsoft Exchange Server 版本
適用對象: Outlook 2013
https://support.office.com/zh-hk/article/%E5%88%A4%E6%96%B7%E6%88%91%E7%9A%84%E5%B8%B3%E6%88%B6%E6%89%80%E9%80%A3%E6%8E%A5%E7%9A%84-Microsoft-Exchange-Server-%E7%89%88%E6%9C%AC-c617bbab-ca73-4c25-886e-3d0a770b74eb
(有圖說，但圖很小)

判斷我的帳戶所連接的 Microsoft Exchange Server 版本
適用對象: Outlook 2016 Outlook 2013 Outlook 2010 Outlook 2007
https://support.office.com/zh-tw/article/%E5%88%A4%E6%96%B7%E6%88%91%E7%9A%84%E5%B8%B3%E6%88%B6%E6%89%80%E9%80%A3%E6%8E%A5%E7%9A%84-microsoft-exchange-server-%E7%89%88%E6%9C%AC-d427465a-ce3b-42bd-9d83-c7d893d5d334
(圖說不足)

[研究] ASUS MD800 主機安裝 Windows Server 2016

[研究] ASUS MD800 主機安裝 Windows Server 2016

2018-02-21

(下圖) MD800 原本是 Windows 10，有個 eSupport 目錄，裡面有 Windows 10 驅動程式，整個目錄拷貝走。

Windows Server 2016 和 Windows 10 的 NT Kernel 都是 10.0 版，理論上 driver 通用的機率很高。

(下圖) 先安裝 Windows Server 2016，安裝後發現缺了3個裝置的 driver

(下圖) 先安裝 Intel Chipset Drvir

到剛剛備份的  D:\eSupport\eDriver\Software\Chipset，用安裝程式進行安裝。

(下圖) 電腦重新啟動後，剩下一個

(下圖) 到剛剛備份的  D:\eSupport\eDriver\Software\Graphic，用安裝程式進行安裝。

(下圖) 電腦重新啟動後，顯示卡正確顯示為 Intel HD Graphics 630

 (下圖) 剩下缺 driver 的裝置，看不太出來是甚麼

(下圖) 執行 AsinsWiz.exe，啟動 ASUS 華碩安裝精靈

(下圖) 把【應用程式】前面打勾取消 (敝人不打算安裝)

(下圖) 安裝後仍無法解決，找了 DriverAgent  測試，結果也是無法辨識。

暫時先這樣了。

(待續)

[研究] EC-Council 會員 vs CEH 證照

[研究] EC-Council 會員 vs CEH 證照

2018-02-15

https://cert.eccouncil.org/membership.html

Membership

1.Why is EC-Council implementing a membership fee?
A. To continue the development and value of EC-Council certification credentials, as well as the continued support of its membership community, EC-Council has implemented a plan that requires the annual payment of certification maintenance fees inline with standard industry practices.

2.What benefits does a certified member enjoy?
A. Any member certified or recertified January 1st 2016 onwards and continues to keep their certification active will be eligible to receive one free certification voucher upon completion of their latest ECE cycle, with values ranging from $125 to $650.You are also eligible to receive exclusive discounts to attend EC-Council Events such as Hacker Halted and TakeDownCon as well as a discount on additional EC-Council certification programs and materials.

3.Are all certified members required to pay the membership fee?
A. Yes, All certified members are required to pay the annual membership fee. This includes CCISO, CAST, LPTs and all other EC-Council certified members.

4.When will members be expected to make their first payment?
A. Scenario 1
Members certified prior to January 1st 2016 will not be charged a membership fee for their current cycle, The membership fee cycle will be only begin once they are recertified and their due date will be at the end of that annual cycle.

Scenario 2
Members certified from January 1st 2016 and onwards will start their membership fee cycle 1 month from date of certification earned and their due date will be at the end of that annual cycle.
Eg: A member certified on February 25th 2016 will have to pay his annual membership fee before Feb 28th 2017.

Scenario 3
Members that are certified prior to January 1st 2016 but earns a new certification post December 31st 2015 – their membership fee due date will be reset as per the latest earned certificate. (as per scenario 2)

Note: LPT and/or CCISO members will be required to pay the annual membership fee for both these certifications per the LPT and CCISO membership fee requirements. LPT and CCISO certified members are not required to pay any other annual membership fees.

5.I own a CCISO and/or LPT certification; Do I still need to pay an additional membership fee for my other EC-Council credentials?
A. Members holding the CCISO or LPT certification will continue to pay their respective annual membership fee towards these certifications only; there will be no additional membership fee applicable to these members for any other EC-Council credentials.

6.I hold both CCISO and LPT certifications; Do I need to pay the membership fee for each individually?
A.Yes

7.What membership fee am I liable for if I choose to retire my CCISO and/or my LPT credentials?
A. Members that choose to retire their CCISO and/or their LPT credentials shall only be liable to pay for the basic membership fee of USD $80 or USD $20 respectively only if the members intend to maintain their other EC-Council certification credentials.

8.How can I pay the annual membership fee?
A. Annual membership fees are payable in the member’s Aspen account, certificate area. You will see instructions on how you can pay here if your membership fee is due.

9.What mode of payment is accepted?
A. Membership fees can only be paid via credit card
Note: Online bank transfers are not accepted at this point of time.

10.I have more than one EC-Council certification; do I need to pay per certification?
A. Membership fees are charged by membership and not by number of certifications held; you will only need to pay a single membership fee as indicated in the members Aspen account.

11.Will I be requested to pay multiple annual membership fees, if I own more than one account in Aspen?
A. Certified members should not hold multiple Aspen accounts. Should this not be the case, you are advised to merge your Aspen account. This can be done by writing to us at aspencert@eccouncil.org.

Certified members are required to pay only one annual membership fee for all their EC-Council certification credentials (except CCISO and LPT, please see question 4 above)

12.What is the Membership Fee?
A. For certified members who hold certifications that require continuing education, the annual membership fee is USD $80 for all certifications with prefix 212 ,312,412, 512 and all CAST certifications (with the exceptions of the C|CISO and LPT credentials).

For certified members who do not hold certifications that require continuing education, the annual membership fee is USD $20 for all certifications with prefix 112

13.Does the existence of a continuing education requirement affect the membership fee that I pay?
A. No. Membership fees are charged according to the ECE relevant certification at USD80 or USD$20 annually, regardless of any continuing education requirements.

14.Will I be automatically recertified for the next certification cycle (3 years) if I pay the annual membership fee?
A. No, Recertification is subject to fulfilling the criteria under the ECE policy AND the payment of the annual membership fee as listed at https://cert.eccouncil.org/ece-policy.html

15.Will I be required to pay the annual membership fee if my certifications are revoked and retired?
A. The annual membership fee is subject to a minimum of one active certification earned by a member.

Note: In a situation where a member loses his ECE certification due to revocation, but still holds a NON ECE relevant certification, his annual membership fee will be USD 20 in the next and subsequent membership maintenance fee cycle.

16.Who can I contact if I have more questions about the annual membership fee?
A. Please send your questions to membersupport@eccouncil.org along with your Aspen account id details so we can help you with your questions.

***********************************************************************************

丟去 Google 翻譯，再微調一下

1.為什麼EC-理事會 (EC-Council)會實施會員費？

答：為了繼續發展EC-理事會 (EC-Council)認證證書的發展和價值以及其成員社區的持續支持，EC理事會實施了一項計劃，要求每年支付與標準行業慣例相符的認證維護費。

2.認證會員享受什麼樣的好處？

A.任何成員證明或重新確認2016年1月1日起，繼續保持他們的認證活動的將有資格獲得他們最新的ECE循環結束後一個免費認證憑證，值的範圍從$ 125至$ 650.You也有資格獲得專屬參加EC-委員會活動（如Hacker Halted和TakeDownCon）的折扣以及額外EC理事會認證計劃和材料的折扣。

3.所有認證會員都需要支付會員費嗎？

答：是的，所有認證會員都需要支付年會費。這包括CCISO，CAST，LPT和所有其他EC委員會認證的成員。

4.會員什麼時候會預先付款？

A.情景1

在2016年1月1日之前獲得認證的會員將不會被收取當前週期的會員費。會員費周期只有在重新認證後才會開始，其到期日將在年度週期結束時開始。

情景2

從2016年1月1日起獲得認證的會員將從獲得認證之日起1個月開始其會員費用周期，並且其到期日將在該年度週期結束時。

例如：2016年2月25日認證的會員必須在2017年2月28日前繳納年會費。

情景3

在2016年1月1日之前獲得認證但會在2015年12月31日獲得新認證的會員 - 其會員費到期日將根據最新獲得的證書重置。 （根據情景2）

注意：根據LPT和CCISO會員費要求，LPT和/或CCISO會員將被要求支付這兩項認證的年度會員費。 LPT和CCISO認證會員不需要支付任何其他年度會費。

5.我擁有CCISO和/或LPT認證;我還需要為我的其他EC-Council證書支付額外的會員費嗎？

A.持有CCISO或LPT認證的會員將繼續僅支付這些認證的年度會員費;對於任何其他EC-Council證書，這些成員不會有額外的會員費用。

我持有CCISO和LPT認證;我是否需要為每個人支付會員費？

A.是

7.如果我選擇退休我的CCISO和/或我的LPT證書，我需要支付什麼會費？

答：只有在會員有意維持其他歐共體理事會認證證書的情況下，選擇退休的CCISO和/或其LPT全權證書的會員才可分別支付80美元或20美元的基本會費。

8.我可以如何支付年度會費？

A.會員的阿斯帳戶，證書區域應支付年度會費。如果您的會員費到期，您將看到如何付款的說明。

9.什麼樣的付款方式被接受？

A.會員費只能通過信用卡支付

注意：此時不接受網上銀行轉賬。

我有一個以上的EC理事會認證，我需要支付每個認證？

A.會費由會員收取，而不是由持有的證書數量收取;您只需支付會員Aspen帳戶中指定的單一會員費用即可。

如果我在阿斯本擁有多個賬戶，我是否會被要求支付多個年度會費？

A.認證會員不應持有多個Aspen賬戶。如果情況並非如此，建議您合併您的Aspen帳戶。這可以通過寫信給我們aspencert@eccouncil.org來完成。

只有經認證的會員才能支付其所有EC-Council認證證書的年度會員費（CCISO和LPT除外，請參閱上面的問題4）

12.什麼是會員費？

答：對於持有需要繼續教育證書的認證會員，對於所有帶有前綴212,312,412,512和所有CAST認證（C | CISO和LPT證書除外）的認證，年會費為80美元。

對於未持有需要繼續教育認證的認證成員，所有以112為前綴的認證的年會員費為20美元

13.持續教育需求的存在是否影響我支付的會費？

答：不可以。會員費用根據歐洲經委會相關證書收取，每年80美元或20美元，不論任何持續教育要求。

如果我支付年度會員費，我會在下一個認證週期（3年）自動重新認證嗎？

答：不需要，重新認證須符合歐洲經濟委員會政策下的標準，並支付https://cert.eccouncil.org/ece-policy.html

上列出的年度會費。

15.如果我的證書被撤銷並退役，我是否需要支付年度會費？

答：年會費必須至少獲得一位會員獲得的積極認證。

注意：如果會員因撤銷而失去ECE認證，但仍持有非ECE相關認證，則在下一次及隨後的會員維護費周期中，其年會費將為20美元。

如果我對年會費有更多疑問，我可以聯繫誰？

答：請將您的問題發送到 membersupport@eccouncil.org 以及您的Aspen帳戶ID詳細信息，以便我們可以幫助您解決您的問題。

*********************************************************************************
https://cert.eccouncil.org/ece-policy.html

ECE Policy

1. REASONS FOR INTRODUCTION OF ECE SCHEME
All legitimate and credible certifications have a re-certification program. In fact, ANSI/ISO/IEC 17024, a quality accreditation body requires credible certification providers to have their own re-certification program. Requirement 6.5.1 states, “The certification body shall define recertification requirements according to the competence standard and other relevant documents, to ensure that the certified person continues to comply with the current certification requirements.”

Continued competency can be demonstrated though many methodologies such as continuing profession education, examination (often not re-taking the original exam but an exam that would be at a higher level), or portfolios (when there is a product involved). The fact is there needs to be a time limit for the certification to ensure the consumers that the person has up-to-date knowledge.

This is why several governmental agencies are mandating accreditation of certifications in fields such as IT, Crane Operators, and Selling of Securities to the elderly. Certification’s main purpose is to “protect the public/consumers” NOT to protect the profession. When health, safety and security are at risk, certification is needed and it cannot be given for a “lifetime”. It is generally noted that, if professionals are not required to maintain their knowledge and skills in their profession, they won’t. Today, credible organizations within professional domains require their members to provide evidence of a continuous learning as a basis for maintaining their license.

Differentiation
The ECE will brand, differentiate and distinguish a certified member as dedicated IT Security professional if he/she is willing to continuously learn and share knowledge to keep abreast of the latest changes in technology that affects the way security is viewed, deployed and managed. This is a key requirement of employers internationally and EC-Council being a major certification organization supports it.

How does it work?
Once a candidate becomes certified by EC-Council, the relationship between EC-Council and candidate will always be governed by the EC-Council Candidate Certification Agreement which candidate must agree to prior from receiving your certification. This agreement is also provided at https://www.eccouncil.org/members/Certification agreement.pdf.

If a certified member earned certification/s that are included under the ECE scheme, he/she will have to achieve a total of 120 credits (per certification) within a period of three years. If a member holds multiple certifications, credits earned will be applied across all the certifications. However, effective January 1st 2013, each certification will have its own ECE recertification requirements within its respective 3-year ECE window.

The credits can be earned in many ways including attending conferences, writing research papers, preparing for training classes in a related domain (for instructors), reading materials on related subject matters, taking an exam of a newer version of the certification, attending webinars, and many others. Qualified ECE activities must have been completed within ECE program’s 3-year window and must be submitted in only one ECE 3-year window.

ECE credits are earned on a per annum basis, between January 1 – December 31 of each calendar year. Certified members must register their ECE credits earned by 1 February of the following year to maintain their certification status.

2. RECERTIFICATION

Effective January 1st 2009, all EC-Council certifications will be valid for three years from the date of certification. During the three year period, the certification must be renewed by participating in EC-Council Continuing Education (ECE) Program.

For members who were certified prior to 2009, their ECE period will be from January 1st 2009 until December 31st 2011. For their first ECE Scheme Period (2009-2011), they are only required to meet a total of 120 ECE credits By March 31st 2012.

Upon completion of the 3 year ECE program and meeting the requirements (please refer to the How does it work? paragraph below), the member’s certification validity will be extended for another three years from the month of expiry.

Any member certified or recertified from January 1st 2016 onwards is liable to pay and annual membership fee.

3. SUSPENSION, REVOCATION & APPEAL
SUSPENSION

If the certified member fails to meet certification requirements within the 3 year time frame, EC-Council will suspend his/her certification.

Suspended members will not be allowed to use the certification logos and related EC-Council membership benefits.

Suspended members must remediate their suspension within a maximum period of 12 months from the date of the expiry of the 3 year time frame. Failing which, the member’s certification and status will be revoked and the member will need to challenge and pass the certification exam again to achieve certification.

For members who were certified prior to 2009, they will be given an extended suspension deadline of March 31st, 2013.

Suspended members that subsequently meet the 120 ECE credit requirements within the specified 12 months deadline from the date of the expiry of the 3 year time frame will be reinstated as a member in good standing and can enjoy the use of their certification logo and related EC-Council benefits. However, the reinstated member will have only a reduced period to achieve another 120 ECE credits for their next recertification window. “Reduced period” refers to a time frame of 3 years less the suspension period.

REVOCATIONS

If member fails to meet certification requirements during the suspension period, he/she will have the certification revoked and will no longer be allowed to continue usage of the certification logo and related benefits. Members whose certification is revoked will be required to retake and pass the respective new exam to regain their certification.

APPEALS

Members whose certification has been suspended or revoked due to non-compliance of certification requirements may send in an appeal in writing to EC-Council. This appeal letter must be received by EC-Council within ninety (90) days of the suspension/ revocation notice, providing details of the appeal and reason(s) for non-compliance.

4. Audit Requirements

Certified members are required to maintain sufficient evidence to show your involvement in activities that earns you ECE credits. There is no requirement to submit evidence until it is requested for specifically by EC-Council.

5. Important Notice

Please note that the above is subject to change from time to time without prior notice. EC-Council reserves the right to make changes as required in order to maintain the reputation and recognition of its certifications and credentials. However, best effort will be used in informing members of changes via the website and the members’ portal.

Below is a list of FAQs :

1.Are there any annual fees payable?
A.
​Effective January 1st 2016,Any member certified or recertified requires to pay an annual membership of USD80 if he/she holds a minimum of one certificate under the ECE policy and USD20 if he/she holds certificates that are not under the ECE policy.

More details about the membership fee, cycle and due date can be found at http://cert.eccouncil.org/membership.html

2. How do I register my ECE credit?
A.
Please log on to the Aspen Portal (https://aspen.eccouncil.org) to register your ECE credits

3. Which event is qualified for the ECE scheme?
A.
Only IT security related events are qualified for ECE scheme such as IT seminars, reading IT security books, publishing a paper on IT Security related topics and anything that updates your knowledge on IT Security not only from EC-Council.

4. What are the events that qualify the ECE scheme?
A.
Volunteering in public sector - 1 credit per hour
Association/Organization Chapter Meeting (per Meeting) - 1 credit per hour
Author Article/Book Chapter/White Paper - 20 credits
Author Tool - 40 credits
Authoring Book - 100 credits
Contribution to the exam development 40 credits- 100 credits
Certification/ Examination - 40 credits
EC-Council Examination (ECE) - 120 credits
EC-Council Survey 20 credits
Education Course - 1 credit per hour
Education Seminar/Conference/Event - 1 credit per hour
Higher Education - 15 credits per semester hour
Identify New Vulnerability - 10 credits
Presentation - 3 credits per hour
Reading an Information Security Book/Article Review/Book Review/Case Study - 5 credits
Teach New - 21 credits per day
Teach Upgrade - 11 credits per day
Review board- 80 credits

5. What certifications from EC-Council are included in the ECE system?
A.
EC-Council Examinations (ENSA, CND, CEH, CHFI, ECSA/LPT, ECVP, ECSP, EDRP, CCISO, CEI, ECIH, ECDR-VT, CAST, ECES, CIMP and CDM): 120 credits.

6. Can a member holding any of the above mentioned certification be exempted from the ECE scheme?
A. No

7. Who can I speak to if I need more help?
A.If the particular event or activity is not listed on the Delta portal, you can contact the Administrator at delta@eccouncil.org for assistanc

8. Can I use the certification name and logo after I pass my exams?
A. Yes, you can use the respective logos and labels of the certifications that you hold.

9. Where do I go to download the logos and guidelines?
A. You can download logos and usage guidelines from https://cert.eccouncil.org/images/doc/ec-council-logo-usage-v3.0.pdf

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歐洲經委會政策

1.引入歐洲經濟委員會計劃的理由

所有合法可信的認證都有重新認證計劃。實際上，質量認證機構ANSI / ISO / IEC 17024要求可靠的認證提供商擁有自己的再認證計劃。要求6.5.1規定：“認證機構應根據能力標準和其他相關文件規定重新認證要求，以確保認證人員繼續遵守現行認證要求。”

通過繼續職業教育，考試（通常不會重新參加原始考試，而是考試將在更高級別）或投資組合（涉及產品時），可以通過許多方法論證明持續的能力。事實上，認證需要有一個時間限制，以確保消費者知道該人擁有最新的知識。

這就是為什麼有幾個政府機構要求對IT，起重機操作員和老年人證券銷售等領域的認證進行認證。認證的主要目的是“保護公眾/消費者”不是為了保護專業。當健康，安全和安全處於危險之中時，需要認證，並且不能給予“終身”服務。一般指出，如果專業人士不需要保持他們的專業知識和技能，他們不會。今天，專業領域內的可信組織要求其成員提供持續學習證據，作為維持許可證的基礎。

區別

如果他/她願意不斷學習和分享知識，以便及時了解影響安全性被查看，部署和管理的方式的最新變化，ECE將品牌，區分和區分認證成員為專業IT安全專業人員。這是國際上雇主的一項關鍵要求，作為主要認證機構的EC理事會支持它。

它是如何工作的？

一旦候選人獲得歐盟委員會認證，歐盟委員會與候選人之間的關係將始終受到候選人在收到您的認證之前必須同意的歐盟委員會候選人認證協議的管轄。此協議也在https://www.eccouncil.org/members/Certification agreement.pdf 上提供。

如果獲得認證的成員獲得了歐洲經委會計劃中包含的認證，則他/她在三年內必須獲得總共120個學分（每次認證）。如果一個成員持有多個認證，則獲得的學分將適用於所有認證。然而，從2013年1月1日起，每個認證將在其3年歐洲經委會窗口內擁有自己的ECE重新認證要求。

學分可通過多種方式獲得，包括參加會議，撰寫研究論文，準備相關領域的培訓班（面向教師），閱讀相關主題的材料，參加新版認證考試，參加網絡研討會，和其他許多人。合格的歐洲經委會活動必須在歐洲經委會方案的3年期限內完成，並且必須僅在歐洲經委會3年的一個窗口內提交。

歐洲經委會的學分在每個日曆年的1月1日至12月31日期間按年計算。註冊會員必須在次年2月1日前註冊他們的ECE學分，以維持其認證狀態。

2.重新認證

自2009年1月1日起，所有EC-Council認證將從認證之日起三年有效。在三年期間，參加歐盟理事會繼續教育（ECE）計劃必須延長認證。

對於2009年之前獲得認證的會員，他們的歐洲經委會期限將從2009年1月1日至2011年12月31日。對於他們的第一個歐洲經委會計劃期間（2009-2011年），他們只需要滿足總共120個歐洲經委會的信貸至3月31日2012。

在完成3年歐洲經委會方案並符合要求（請參閱下文的“如何運作？”段落）後，成員的認證有效期將從失效月份再延長三年。

任何從2016年1月1日起獲得認證或重新認證的會員均須繳納會費和年會費。

3.暫停，撤銷和上訴

懸掛

如果認證成員在3年內未能達到認證要求，EC理事會將暫停其認證。
暫停會員將不被允許使用認證標誌和相關的EC-Council會員福利。
暫停會員必須在3年期限屆滿之日起的最多12個月內對其暫停進行補救。否則，會員的認證和狀態將被撤銷，會員將需要再次挑戰並通過認證考試才能獲得認證。
對於2009年之前獲得認證的會員，他們將獲得2013年3月31日的延期截止日期。
在3年期限屆滿之日後的規定的12個月期限內滿足120 ECE信用要求的暫停會員將恢復成為信譽良好的會員，並可享受其認證標誌和相關EC-議會的好處。然而，恢復成員的下一個重新認證窗口只有一個縮短的時間來獲得另外120個ECE學分。 “縮短期限”是指比暫停期限減少3年的時限。

撤銷

如果會員在暫停期間未能達到認證要求，他/她將撤銷認證，不再允許繼續使用認證標誌和相關優惠。認證被吊銷的成員將被要求重新獲得併通過相應的新考試以重新獲得認證。

上訴

由於不符合認證要求而被暫停或撤銷認證的成員可以書面形式向EC理事會提出上訴。該上訴函必須在暫停/撤銷通知後90天內由EC理事會收到，並提供上訴細節和違規原因。

4.審計要求

需要認證的成員保持足夠的證據，以顯示您參與可以獲得ECE學分的活動。在歐盟理事會明確要求提供證據之前，不需要提交證據。

5.重要通知

請注意，上述內容可能會隨時更改，恕不另行通知。 EC-Council保留根據需要進行更改的權利，以保持其認證和證書的聲譽和認可度。但是，盡最大努力通過網站和會員的門戶網站向成員通報變更。

以下是常見問題列表：

1.有哪些年度費用？
答：自2016年1月1日起生效，任何獲得認證或重新認證的會員如果持有歐洲經濟委員會政策至少一份證書，且持有不符合歐洲經濟委員會政策的證書，則需支付每年80美元的會員資格。

有關會員費，週期和截止日期的更多詳情，請訪問 http://cert.eccouncil.org/membership.html

2.我如何註冊我的ECE學分？
答：請登錄到Aspen Portal（https://aspen.eccouncil.org）註冊您的ECE學分

3.哪些事件符合歐洲經委會計劃？
答：只有IT安全相關事件才符合ECE計劃的要求，例如IT研討會，閱讀IT安全手冊，發布IT安全相關主題的論文以及任何可以更新您對IT安全知識的內容，而不僅僅是來自EC理事會。

4.符合ECE計劃的事件是什麼？
答：
公共部門志願服務 - 每小時1個學分
協會/組織章節會議（每次會議） - 每小時1分
作者文章/書章/白皮書 - 20學分
作者工具 - 40學分
創作書 - 100學分
對考試發展的貢獻40學分 - 100學分
認證/考試 - 40學分
EC-Council考試（ECE） - 120學分
EC理事會調查20個學分
教育課程 - 每小時1學分
教育研討會/會議/活動 - 每小時1個學分
高等教育 - 每學期15學分
識別新的漏洞 - 10個學分
演示 - 每小時3個學分
閱讀信息安全書/文章評論/書評/案例研究 - 5學分
教新 - 每天21個學分
升級教學 - 每天11學分
審查董事會 - 80學分

5.歐洲經委會系統包含哪些歐洲理事會認證？
A. EC-Council考試（ENSA，CND，CEH，CHFI，ECSA / LPT，ECVP，ECSP，EDRP，CCISO，CEI，ECIH，ECDR-VT，CAST，ECES，CIMP和CDM）：120學分。

6.持有上述任何認證的成員是否可以免除歐洲經濟委員會計劃？
答：沒有

7.如果我需要更多幫助，我可以和誰說話？
答：如果特定活動或活動未在達美門戶網站上列出，您可以聯繫管理員 delta@eccouncil.org 獲取幫助

8.我通過考試後可以使用認證名稱和徽標嗎？
答：是的，您可以使用您持有的認證的相應徽標和標籤。

9.我該去哪裡下載標識和指南？

答：您可以從 https://cert.eccouncil.org/images/doc/ec-council-logo-usage-v3.0.pdf 下載徽標和使用指南

(待續)

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[研究][ASP.NET] Directory does not exist. 參數名稱: directoryVirtualPath

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Visual Studio 2017 v15.5.6 某次 發行 ASP.NET 網站，出現錯誤。

Directory does not exist.
參數名稱: directoryVirtualPath

再次 Deploy 就正常，留下此紀錄做參考。

(完)

[研究] URL to PDF (使用 PDFmyURL 線上網站)

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2018-02-11
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官方網站
http://pdfmyurl.com
輸入網址就可以產生 .pdf檔案。

或把來源網址直接輸入成 url 參數
http://pdfmyurl.com?url=http://www.hinet.net

或把超連結提供在網頁中
<a href="http://pdfmyurl.com?url=http://www.hinet.net"> 轉為PDF檔</a>

缺點是產生的 .pdf 檔案下方有官方的 Logo 資訊。

personal browser license 個人瀏覽器授權版 ( $15/year)
http://pdfmyurl.com/browser-license
Set and save options for page sizing, header & footer etc.
Remove our branding and this popup!
Use watermarking and stamping
Encrypt and protect your PDFs
With a professional business license you get the above, plus:

專業授權：Our professional HTML / web page to PDF API
http://pdfmyurl.com/plans
Easy to use download as PDF links for your website
Save an entire website to PDF in our members area or with the Batch API
Competitive pricing
Priority email support

對於需要登入才能顯示內容的網址，這種方法不適用，除非帳號密碼是寫在網址列中。

(完)

[研究] MAMP Free & MAMP PRO 3.3.1 架站軟體

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2018-02-10

MAMP: My Apache - MySQL - PHP for macOS and Windows
https://www.mamp.info/en/

MAMP & MAMP PRO 3.3.1 (Windows)
Published: 2017-06-22
https://www.mamp.info/en/downloads/

MAMP_MAMP_PRO_3.3.1.exe
Requirements: Windows 10, Windows 8.1 or Windows 7, 2GB RAM, Available HDD space for installation: 2GB
Language versions MAMP: English, German
Language versions MAMP PRO (商業版): English, German

安裝

MAMP Free 3.3.1 & MAMP PRO 3.3.1 是同一個安裝程式，會一起安裝。安裝很容易，需要的 .NET 4.0 也會自動幫你安裝。

***********************************************************************************

MAMP Free

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MAMP PRO 3.3.1

只能15天試用，PHP 提供多種版本，多了 Dynamic DNS 和 SMTP

(待續)